Glucuronic Acid

What is Glucuronic Acid?

Glucuronic acid is an alduronic acid formed by oxidizing the primary alcohol group of glucose, resulting in a naturally occurring compound found in plant gums, animal tissues, and human connective tissues as part of glycosaminoglycans. In cosmetics, it is typically produced through biotechnological fermentation or chemical synthesis for use in moisturizers, serums, cleansers, and toners. It functions by drawing moisture into the skin's outer layer to support hydration, binding to metal ions to enhance formula stability and prevent degradation, maintaining consistent pH levels for optimal ingredient activity and skin comfort, and buffering against pH fluctuations during storage or application. This multifunctional profile makes it valuable in water-based formulations aiming for long-term efficacy and sensory appeal without harsh effects.

Comedogenic Rating 0/5 Low risk of clogging pores
EWG Safety Rating 1 View on EWG →
PubChem View on PubChem →

Roles in Formulation

This ingredient serves the following purposes in cosmetic formulations:

Chelating agent
Binds to metal ions to prevent them from affecting product stability or skin.
PH adjuster
Raises or lowers pH to the target range, supporting ingredient performance, preservative efficacy, stability, and user comfort.
Humectant
Attracts and holds water in the stratum corneum, boosting hydration and plumpness; commonly used in moisturizers, cleansers, and hair conditioners.
Buffering agent
Maintains the pH stability of a formulation.

Benefits

Supports skin hydration by attracting and retaining moisture.

Improves product stability by chelating metal ions.

Helps maintain balanced pH for comfortable use.

Who It's For

A quick guide for who this ingredient may suit (and who should be cautious).

Who May Benefit Who Should Avoid
People with dry or dehydrated skin seeking gentle moisture.
Those with rare allergies to sugar acids.
Individuals preferring low-hazard, multifunctional ingredients.
People experiencing irritation from humectants.
Users of sensitive skin formulas needing stability support.
Anyone advised by a dermatologist to limit acids.

Safety Notes

  • Considered low hazard in cosmetic concentrations.
  • Patch testing recommended for new users.

Frequently Asked Questions about Glucuronic Acid

What does glucuronic acid do in skincare?

It hydrates by drawing in moisture, chelates metals for stability, and adjusts pH gently.

Is glucuronic acid safe for sensitive skin?

It has a low hazard rating and mild profile, suitable for many sensitive skin types.

Can it cause breakouts?

Rated non-comedogenic, unlikely to clog pores.