Gamma-Polyglutamic Acid
What is Gamma-Polyglutamic Acid?
Gamma-Polyglutamic Acid is a natural, biodegradable polymer derived from microbial fermentation, consisting of repeating glutamic acid units linked by gamma amide bonds. It is renowned for its exceptional water-binding capacity, capable of holding up to 5,000 times its weight in water, making it a superior humectant in skincare formulations. Unlike hyaluronic acid, it forms a protective film on the skin that enhances moisture retention and provides a smooth, plump texture.
Roles in Formulation
This ingredient serves the following purposes in cosmetic formulations:
Moisturising
Improves skin hydration and comfort by combining water-binding (humectant) and barrier-supporting (emollient/occlusive) mechanisms to reduce dryness.
Humectant
Attracts and holds water in the stratum corneum, boosting hydration and plumpness; commonly used in moisturizers, cleansers, and hair conditioners.
Skin conditioning agent
Maintains skin softness, smoothness, and flexibility.
Viscosity controlling agent
Adjusts thickness to the desired level for stability and usability, improving dispensing, suspension, and texture across many formulation types.
Film former
Creates a continuous film on skin or hair to improve wear, water resistance, transfer resistance, shine, or hold in sunscreens, makeup, and styling products.